Theoretically, it looks advantageous to use tailor-made sodium dialysate to avoid addition of excess sodium to the body during HD sessions. Long-standing fluid overload can lead to uncontrolled hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and thus lead to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. These patients might be actually having a lower sodium set point and if so, with each HD session, more sodium is being added to their body, contributing to increased thirst, interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and blood pressure (BP). This can promote interdialytic fluid ingestion to restore an individual's sodium and osmolar set point. A higher dialysate sodium concentration more than the patient's plasma sodium level will cause sodium gain during dialysis and increase the total body sodium. It is known that dialysis patients have an individualized sodium and osmolarity value, which are known as sodium and osmolar set points, respectively, which are unique for each patient and is highly conserved. This dialysate sodium level is used in all patients irrespective of their blood sodium values. Currently, all patients undergoing maintenance HD in our center and many centers worldwide are dialysed with dialysate sodium of 140 meq/L. Sodium entry occurs in HD patients from dietary intake, from dialysis fluid during each HD session, or from saline infusions given during HD. Volume overload is a major problem in patients on hemodialysis (HD) and is mainly contributed by sodium overload. Eating foods with potassium can help lower your blood pressure.Sodium is the major extracellular cation in the body, and hence is the major determinant of extracellular fluid (ECF) content and serum osmolarity. Replace high-sodium foods with high-potassium foods. Get dressings and sauces on the side so you can add only as much as you need.When you order, ask them not to add salt to your food.Ask if there are any lower-sodium dishes on the menu.Try these tips when you eat out or get takeout: Check out these healthy recipes with less sodium. If you’re too busy to cook every night, start by making dinner just 1 night a week. Try different herbs and spices to flavor your food, like ginger or garlic, instead of salt.Don’t add salt to the water when you cook pasta or rice.Use condiments and spreads that are unsalted or lower in sodium - and if you use regular spreads, use less.If you use canned foods, rinse them before eating or cooking with them to wash away some of the salt.Making your own meals is a great way to eat less sodium, because you’re in control of what goes into your food. Go for fresh vegetables, frozen vegetables without sauce, or canned vegetables with lower sodium.Try cooking fresh or frozen chicken, lean meats, or seafood instead of buying deli meats or sausages.Snack on unsalted nuts instead of salted pretzels or chips.Swap out foods that are higher in sodium for healthier options. Look for foods labeled “low sodium” or “no salt added” - but keep in mind that some lower-sodium foods don’t have those labels, so you’ll need to check the Nutrition Facts label to be sure.Try to choose products with 5% Daily Value (DV) or less - 20% DV or more is high.Use the Nutrition Facts label to check the amount of sodium in foods and compare different options. Use this shopping list to find lower-sodium foods at the grocery store. Instant flavored foods, like flavored rice and noodles.Processed meats, like deli meats (including turkey), sausages, and pepperoni.When you’re shopping, limit these foods that are high in sodium or look for low-sodium versions: Sodium is in almost all the processed and prepared foods we buy - even foods that don’t taste salty, like bread or tortillas. Most of the sodium we eat doesn’t come from our salt shakers. Children ages 1 to 3 need no more than 1,200 mg of sodium a day.Children ages 4 to 8 need no more than 1,500 mg of sodium a day.Children ages 9 to 14 need no more than 1,800 mg of sodium a day.Adults and teens age 14 and older need to limit their sodium intake to no more than 2,300 mg (milligrams) a day.Know your sodium limit.Īsk your doctor how much sodium is okay for you. Try making just 1 or 2 changes at a time. Use these tips to help lower the amount of sodium in your diet. The good news is that cutting down on sodium can help lower your blood pressure and keep your heart healthy. Eating too much sodium can raise your risk of high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke. Nine out of 10 Americans eat more sodium (salt) than they need.
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